FAX messages are sent as UDP or TCP/IP packets.
From RFC 3362:
ITU-T Recommendation T.38 T.38 describes the technical features necessary to transfer facsimile documents in real-time between two standard Group 3 facsimile terminals over the Internet or other networks using IP protocols. The Recommendation allows the use of either TCP or UDP depending on the service environment.
ITU-T Recommendation T.38 T.38 Annex D describes system level requirements and procedures for internet aware facsimile implementations and internet aware facsimile gateways conforming to ITU-T T.38 to establish calls with other ITU-T T.38 implementations using the procedures defined in IETF RFC 2543 SIP-99 and IETF RFC 2327 SDP.
Note that ITU-T T.38 Recommendation T.38 (04/02) T.38 is an aggregation of the original ITU-T Recommendation T.38 (06/98) T.38-98 and all of the subsequent Amendments and Corrigendum including T.38D-00. While T.38 and T.38D-00 describe SIP procedures per SIP-99, the procedures can also be applied to the revised Session Initiation Protocol specification SIP.
- Commetrex runs a free interoperability test lab and keeps a list of tested equipment. Commetrex T.38 Interop Lab
- Brooktrout White paper: http://www.brooktrout.com/whitepapers/pdf/fax_over_ip.pdf (link no longer works as Brooktrout is now part of Cantata Technology)
T.38 - protocol or Codec?
Seems like T.38 can be used as a FoIP protocol by itself, running over UDP. It is also adapted to be included as image/t38 in a SDP attached to a SIP Invite - this way running as a "codec".T.38 with Asterisk (initial work)
I am not sure how long it may take, but we made a little progress on this protocol. Feel free to check http://www.ionidea.ua/oss/asterisk/Looking for some input, so we can proceed with it, as well as extra help.
<Aug 26 2005> We have little progress on the stack implementation. You can find latest (but still unstable) code at http://www.ionidea.ua/oss/asterisk/
T.38 with Asterisk (Attractel commercial solution)
A full fledged t.30 and t.38 stack for asterisk (both passthrough, termination and gateway) is available from AttractelAs the software is not under GPL, this can be used together with other non GPL parts of asterisk, such as g729 or iLBC.
The software comes with ITU t.30 modems : v.21, v27ter, v29, v17 and includes standalone FAX transmit and receive programs for use in fax2email and email2fax gateways.
T38 with CallWeaver (supported)
The initial efforts to support T38 in Asterisk via the SpanDSP library have beed frustrated by license issues as SpanDSP is GPL licensed and thus incompatible with Digium's dual licensing regime. This has led to the developers using CallWeaver for their integration and development work, in effect abandoning any further work on Asterisk-SpanDSP integration.As a result, CallWeaver has emerged a the undisputed leader in T38 support. CallWeaver has mature support for both T38 passthrough and T38 termination. A developer branch has T38 gateway functionality working as well but this has not yet been released. A new module, app_faxdetect has beed added to support fax detection over SIP channels and many T38 supporting SIP devices have been extensively tested for compatibility, amongst them Cisco, Patton, Quintum and many others.
CallWeaver was forked from the Asterisk 1.2 code base and therefore Asterisk users who need reliable T38 support will find it easy to migrate to CallWeaver. More information about CallWeaver can be found on the OpenPBX.org page or at wiki.openpbx.org
OpenPBX 1.2rc3 currently supports T.38 in passthrough and endpoint modes. In addition, OpenPBX Trunk supports gateway mode as of revision 2568 with spandsp snapshot 20070329
T38 with T38modem
What is t38modem from www.openh323.org?- From your fax application view point it's a fax modem pool.
- From IP network view point it's a H.323 endpoint with T.38 fax support.
- From your view point it's a gateway between a fax application and IP network.
See also
- Asterisk T.38 Bounty
- Asterisk T.38
- FAX
- FAX over IP
- T.37
- Asterisk fax
- Steve Underwood Faxing over IP networks Article - excellent explanation of issues
- quintum VoIP gateways T.38 ready
- Patton VoIP gateways T.38 ready
- Traffic analysis of two T.38 devices (link now working at Cantata Technology website)
Page Changes
Looking for
PS — The closest I've come is t38modem, related to the openh323 project, and they don't (yet) provide compiled windows binaries.
Can T.38 talk to a "regular" fax?
Multipages fax
It is working.... almost
vasyl dot rublyov at ionidea dot com
When it works